Opiate Blood Screen

What this test measures

Opiates are a class of drugs that includes natural substances derived from the opium poppy as well as some related compounds. Screening detects these substances or their metabolites in a sample. A blood screen is often chosen when a recent or current exposure needs to be assessed, because blood reflects a shorter window than urine.

The sample is blood, collected by a trained professional. An initial immunoassay provides a rapid result, and any presumptive finding is typically confirmed using a more specific method such as mass spectrometry. Detection windows in blood are generally shorter than in urine, so timing of collection matters.

This test is a screening tool, not a diagnosis. Results can be affected by prescription medications and by the timing of collection. A confirmed result should be reviewed with a qualified healthcare provider, who can explain what it means in the context of the person's medical care.

• Opiates (total screen)
• Morphine
• Codeine
• Hydrocodone
• Hydromorphone
• Oxycodone
• Oxymorphone
• 6-Acetylmorphine (heroin metabolite)

Why people order this test

• Screen for recent opiate exposure in a clinical setting
• Support medical evaluation when a current result is needed
• Follow up after an unexpected screening finding
• Provide a blood-based alternative to urine screening
• Monitor within a structured medical program

How to prepare

No fasting is required for a blood drug screen. A blood sample is collected from a vein, usually at the arm. Tell the ordering provider about any prescription or over-the-counter medications, since some can affect screening results.

Understanding your results

Results are typically available within one to three business days. A negative screen means no opiates were detected above the cutoff, while a presumptive positive is usually confirmed with a more specific method. A healthcare provider interprets the final report.